Iindaba - Isikhokelo seKhitshi yoRhwebo sokugcina nokuphatha izinto ezinokugquma

Gcina Izitya Zakho Zetafile Ezinobuhlobo Nokusingqongileyo Zicocekile: Isikhokelo Sokugcina Nokukhathalela

ICinga ngale nto: ukhethe izitya zetafile ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwindawo yakho, unebhongo lokwenza ukhetho oluluhlaza kwiplanethi. Ugcina izitya zePLA, iipleyiti ze-bagasse, kunye nezixhobo zokuthambisa ezinomgquba, unomdla wokukhonza iindwendwe zakho ngeendlela ezizinzileyo - kodwa emva kweveki, uvula ikhabhathi yokugcina izinto kwaye ufumana izitya zigobile, iipleyiti zithambile, kwaye izixhobo zokuthambisa zinamathele ndawonye kwindawo engcolileyo.

Ukuba oku kuvakala kuyinto eqhelekileyo, awuwedwa. Abantu abaninzi batshintshela kwisitya esinomxube wezinto ezityiwayo beneenjongo ezintle, kodwa baphoxeke kukonakala kwangethuba. Ukukhathazeka kuyinyani: wenza into elungileyo, kutheni ke iwa?

Impendulo ayikokuba izitya zetafile "zikumgangatho ophantsi" - kukuba izitya zetafile ezinomgquba zinjalo.yenzelwe ukuwohloka ngokwendalo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe novelwano kakhulu kwindawo ekungqongileyo kuneplastiki. Iplastiki ingahlala kwikhabhathi emanzi kangangeminyaka emininzi ize isasebenza kakuhle; izitya zetafile ezinomgquba, nokuba zezodidi oluphezulu, ziqala ukonakala kwiinyanga ezimbalwa nje ukuba zigcinwe ngendlela engafanelekanga. Oku akusiso isiphene - yindlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo izinto ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Kwaye wakuba uyiqonda loo ndalo, ukugcina izitya zakho zetafile zikwimo efanelekileyo kuba lula.

Kutheni iitafile ezinobuhlobo nendalo zisabela ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwindalo esingqongileyo

NKwasekuqaleni zonke izitya zetafile ezinomgquba zenziwe ngezinto ezisekelwe kwizityalo, ezinokubola - kwaye nganye ineempawu zayo ezizodwa. I-PLA (i-polylactic acid), eyenziwe ngestatshi sombona, ilula kwaye ilungele izitya kunye neekomityi kodwa ayithandi ubushushu. I-Bagasse, imveliso ye-fiber yomoba, iqinile ekutyeni okushushu kunye neepleyiti kodwa ifunxa umswakama njengesiponji. I-CPLA, i-PLA enamandla ekristale, isebenza kwizixhobo zokusika kunye nezivalo kodwa inokuqhekeka ukuba icinezelwe kakhulu. I-wheat straw kunye ne-bamboo mixes zihlala ixesha elide kodwa zilahlekelwa yimo yazo ukuba zibekwe kumswakama ongaguqukiyo.Ezi zinto azibuthathaka — zibuthathakayendalo. Njengemveliso entsha, ziyasabela kubushushu, kumswakama, nakwixesha. Zityeshele ezo mpawu, kwaye izitya zakho ziya kuqala ukubola ngaphambi kokuba zichukumise ipleyiti yokutya. Funda ukusebenza ngazo, kwaye awusayi kuphinda ujongane nezitya ezigobileyo okanye iipleyiti ezimanzi.

Iintshaba ezi-4 ezithuleyo zetafile yakho enokugqunywa ngumgquba

Emva kokuhlalutya amawaka emibuzo yokukhangela kuGoogle malunga nemiba yetafile enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo — ukusuka ku-"kutheni iikomityi zam zePLA zijikajika" ukuya ku-"indlela yokuthintela iipleyiti ze-bagasse ukuba zingathambi" — sifumene izinto ezine eziphambili ezibangela umonakalo ongaphambi kwexesha. Lungisa ezi zinto, kwaye uya kuzikhusela izitya zakho zetafile (kunye notyalo-mali lwakho) kangangeenyanga.

1. Umswakama: I-villain #1

Idatha ibonisa ukuba i-78% yomonakalo we-eco-tableware ubangelwa kukufuma okugqithisileyo - kwaye yeyona ngxaki ifihlakeleyo. Umphunga osuka kwisinki ekufutshane, ukufuma okuvela efrijini, nomoya omanzi kwindawo eselunxwemeni unokungena kwizinto ezinomgquba. Iingxowa zetafile ezisekelwe kwifayibha zifunxa olu mswakama kancinci, ngoko awuyi kubona monakalo ekuqaleni - de ipleyiti igobe xa uyithatha, okanye indebe ivuza xa ugalela isiselo.

Isisombululo sakho esilula: Gcina izitya zakho zetafile kwindawo apho kuhlala khona umswakama ofanelekileyongaphantsi kwama-65%. I-hygrometer yedijithali ye-$10 iya kukuxelela kanye ukuba bubungakanani ubumanzi bendawo yakho — kwaye ixabisa kancinci kunokutshintsha ibhokisi yonke yeepleyiti ezonakeleyo. Gcina zonke izitya zetafile kwiphakheji yazo yokuqala evaliweyo de uyifune; iplastiki esongayo okanye ibhokisi evaliweyo yindlela yakho yokuqala yokuzikhusela kumswakama.

2. Ubushushu: Iphupha Elibi Kakhulu le-PLA

Ukuba ukhe washiya indebe yePLA kufutshane nomatshini wekofu okanye isitovu waza wayifumana ithambile kwaye imilo yayo ingalunganga, uyazi ukuba le nto ibuthathaka kangakanani. UGoogle ukhangela "umonakalo wobushushu bePLA tableware" unyuke nge-62% kunyaka ophelileyo, kwaye ngesizathu esivakalayo: IPLA iqala ukuthamba kwi-40–45°C (104–113°F) kuphela - ubushushu obulula ukubufikelela kufutshane nasiphi na isixhobo sasekhitshini esivelisa ubushushu. Kwanokukhanya kwelanga ngqo ngefestile kunokufudumala ikhabhinethi ngokwaneleyo ukugoba izitya kunye neekomityi zePLA.

Isisombululo sakho esilula: Namathela kwiqondo lobushushu lokugcina eliyi-10–25°C (50–77°F) kuzo zonke izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-eco-tableware, kwaye ugcine iimveliso ze-PLA.kude leekwimithombo yobushushu — izitovu, oomatshini bekofu, oomatshini bokuhlamba izitya, kwaneefestile ezinelanga. Ukuba ufuna ukugcina izitya zetafile kufutshane nendawo ophakela kuyo, sebenzisa isixhobo sokuhambisa izinto esigqunyiweyo nesipholileyo endaweni yokuzishiya ngaphandle.

3. Uxinzelelo: Musa ukunqwabelana kakhulu

Zithambiswe bubushushu okanye ukufuma okuncinci, izitya zetafile ezinomgquba ziba lula kakhulu ukuziguqula — kwaye ukunqwabelana okunzima yeyona nto ibangela oku. Idatha kaGoogle ibonisa ukuba "ukuqhekeka kwezitya ezinomgquba" kunye "nokugoba kwepleyiti ye-bagasse ukusuka ekunqwabelani" zezona zinto ziphambili ekukhangelweni kwabanini bamashishini amancinci. Ibhokisi epheleleyo yezikhongozeli ezinzima phezu kwenqwaba yezitya ze-PLA ziya kuzityumza; nezinto ezimbalwa ezinzima kwinqwanqwa yepleyiti ye-bagasse zinokushiya imingxunya engapheliyo.

Isisombululo Esilula: Landela imida yokubeka izinto eziprintiweyo kwibhokisi nganye yetafile — abavelisi bayile ezi zinto ngesizathu. Musa ukuzalisa kakhulu iishelufu zakho zokugcina izinto, kwaye ungaze ubeke izinto ezinzima phezu kwetafile ekhaphukhaphu enomxube. Kwizinto ezifakwe kwiindlwane ezifana nezitya neekomityi, shiya isithuba esincinci phakathi kweenqwaba ukuba unako, okanye sebenzisa iitreyi zokwahlulahlula ukuze zingacinezeli omnye komnye.

4. Ukungahoyi Ubomi Beshelufu kunye Nokujikeleza: Ixesha Alikho Ecaleni Kwakho

Ngokungafaniyo neplastiki, ehlala ixesha elide, izitya zokutya ezinokwenziwa ngomgquba zineumhla wokuphelelwa lixesha wokwenyaniUninzi lwezitya ze-eco-tableware eziqinisekisiweyo zihlala zikwimeko entle kangangeenyanga ezili-12-24 ukusuka kumveliso ukuba zigcinwe kakuhle - kodwa uphendlo lukaGoogle "lwexesha lokuphelelwa kwezitya ze-eco" lunyuke ngama-49% kuba abantu abaninzi bayalibala ukujikelezisa impahla yabo. Izinto zexesha lonyaka ezifana neepleyiti zeholide okanye izitya zepati zezona zinto zimbi kakhulu; zibhajwa ngasemva kwekhabhathi kwaye zonakale ngaphambi kokuba zisetyenziswe.

Ukulungisa Okulula: Sebenzisa indlela ye-FIFO (First In, First Out) — yeyona ndlela ilula yokugcina izinto zakho zetafile zintsha. Xa kufika izinto ezintsha zetafile, susa isitokhwe esidala usibeke ngaphambili kwishelufu uze ubeke isitokhwe esitsha ngasemva kwaso (hayiphezulu). Bhala umhla wokufika kwibhokisi nganye ene-marker, kwaye ujonge ngokukhawuleza indawo ogcine kuyo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-3 ukuze ulahle naziphi na izitya zetafile eziphelelwe lixesha okanye ezonakeleyo. Kwizinto zexesha elithile, ziphawule ngesiganeko kwaye uzigcine kwikhabhathi eyahlukileyo, epholileyo ukuze ungazilibali.

Iingcebiso Zokugcina Izinto Ezikrelekrele Kuzo Zonke Iindawo (Ikhitshi, Ikhefi, Ukutya)

Akukho zithuba zimbini zifanayo, kodwa ezi ndlela zokugcina zisebenza kuyo yonke indawo apho ugcina khona izitya zetafile ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo — kwaye zisekelwe kwizicelo zokukhangela ezidumileyo zikaGoogle "zokugcina izitya zetafile ngokwendawo".

Iikhabhathi/Iishelufu zokugcina izinto ezomileyo (Ihabhu yakho ephambili)

Kulapho uza kugcina khona uninzi lwezitya zakho zetafile, kwaye yeyona ndawo ilula yokuzilungisa. Gcina zonke iibhokisi ezivaliweyo ubuncinane kwiisentimitha ezi-6 (15cm) ukusuka phantsi — imigangatho isoloko iyindawo efumileyo kwigumbi, nokuba zibonakala zomile. Ukuba ikhabhathi yakho ikufutshane nefriji okanye ifriji, shiya umsantsa weesentimitha ezi-2 phakathi kweebhokisi nodonga; ukufuma kudlula eludongeni kwaye kunokonakalisa izitya zetafile. Yongeza ipakethe encinci yokususa umswakama okanye i-silica gel kwikhabhathi ukuba uhlala kwindawo enomswakama — zixabiso eliphantsi kwaye zigcina umswakama ungangeni.

Iindawo Zokuphakela/Zokulungiselela (Eyona ndawo inzima)

Sonke sifuna ukugcina izitya zetafile kufutshane nendawo esizifuna kuyo, kodwa iindawo zokuphakela zigcwele ubushushu nomphunga. Idatha kaGoogle ibonisa ukuba kulapho kwenzeka khona ama-60% omonakalo wezinto zetafile zendalo ezisetyenziswayo. Ukulungisa kulula: gcina kuphela.ixabiso leshifti enyeizitya zokutya ezitafileni kwindawo yakho yokulungiselela okanye yokuphakela — ezinye zihlala kwindawo yakho yokugcina epholileyo neyomileyo. Sebenzisa izitya ezigqunyiweyo nezingenamoya ukuze ufumane izitya ezikhululekileyo okanye iikomityi zokugcina umphunga nobushushu, kwaye uzalise izitya imini yonke endaweni yokugcina kube kanye.

IiTotes zokuHambisa/zokupheka (Zokusetyenziswa xa usendleleni)

Ukuba ulungiselela imicimbi okanye uhambisa ukutya, izitya zakho zisengozini yobushushu nokufuma xa zithuthwa — ingakumbi ehlotyeni. Uphendlo lukaGoogle "lokukhusela izitya ze-eco" lunyuke ngama-58% njengoko abapheki abaninzi betshintshela kwiindlela ezizinzileyo. Vumela izitya zakho ziqhele ubushushu begumbi ngaphambi kokuba uzifake kwi-tote; ukuba i-tote ibanda efrijini kwaye uyifake emotweni efudumeleyo, ukufuma kuya kwakheka ngaphakathi kwaye konakalise izitya. Sebenzisa izitya ezigqunyiweyo, ezingangeni kumswakama, kwaye ungaze ubeke izikhongozeli zokutya ezinzima phezu kwezitya ze-compost kwi-tote.

Iifriji/iifriji (Phantse Azisoloko Zisetyenziswa)

Nantsi impazamo enkulu esiyibonayo rhoqo: ukugcina izitya zetafile ezinomgquba efrijini. Idatha yokukhangela kuGoogle ibonisa ukuba "ndingazigcina na izitya zetafile zePLA efrijini" ngumbuzo ophambili, kwaye impendulo ngulophantse rhoqo akukhoUtshintsho oluphindaphindeneyo lobushushu — lubanda efrijini, lufudumele xa ulukhupha — lubangela ukuba kubekho ukufumangaphakathiukupakishwa kwetafile, okukhokelela ekuthambekeni nasekugobeni. Okukuphela kokwahlukileyo: iitafile ezikhethekileyo ezenzelwe ukutya okubandayo (ezifana nezitya ze-ayisikhrim) ezithi umenzi wazo azinabungozi efrijini. Soloko ujonga ilebheli kuqala!

Indlela yokukhetha izitya zetafile ezifanelekileyo ezilungele indalo

Ayizizo zonke izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-eco-tableware ezidalwe ngokulinganayo — kwaye ngenxa yeelebheli ezininzi "ezinokubunjwa" ezithengiswayo kwimarike, kulula ukukhetha imveliso engapheliyo. Ukukhangela kukaGoogle "indlela yokukhetha izinto ezilungileyo ezinokubunjwa" kunyuke ngama-71% kunyaka ophelileyo, njengoko abantu bediniwe kukuchitha imali kwiindlela ezikumgangatho ophantsi. Nantsi into ekufuneka uyijonge, akukho magama angaqhelekanga afunekayo kushishino:

Iziqinisekiso Ezithetha Into Ethile

Tsiba iilebheli ezingacacanga "ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo" okanye "ezibolayo" — khangela iziqinisekiso zomntu wesithathu ezibonisa ukuba izitya zenzelwe ukuhlala ixesha elide kwaye zonakale ngokufanelekileyo. Ezona zithembekileyo zezi:

Isiqinisekiso se-BPI: Umgangatho wegolide waseMntla Melika — uthetha ukuba imveliso iphumelele uvavanyo olungqongqo lokuqinisekisa ukuba ingumgquba kwaye inamandla okwakha.
I-TÜV Austria OK Compost Industrial: Umgangatho wehlabathi — uqinisekisa ukuba izitya zetafile ziya kwaphuka kwiindawo zokwenza umgquba kwimizi-mveliso kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa rhoqo.
Ilogo ye-DIN CERTCO Seedling: Isiqinisekiso saseYurophu esihlangabezana nemigangatho ye-EN 13432 — sifanelekile kwizitya zokutya ezisemgangathweni ophezulu nezihlala ixesha elide ezinokugqunywa.

Yivavanye Ngaphambi Kokuba Uthenge Ngobuninzi

Amaphepha eenkcukacha abonakala emhle ephepheni, kodwa akukho nto idlula uvavanyo lokwenyani. Ngaphambi kokuba u-odole ityala lonke, cela umthengisi ukuba akunike iisampulu zasimahla uze uzivavanyeyakhoindawo. Galela isuphu eshushu kwisitya se-bagasse uze uyishiye imizuzu eli-10; beka ikomityi ye-PLA kufutshane nomatshini wakho wekofu kangangeyure; beka iipleyiti ezimbalwa ze-bagasse uze ubone ukuba ziyagoba na. Ukuba isampuli iyahlala kwimeko yakho yasekhitshini, iya kusebenza kuwe — ukuba akunjalo, dlulela kolunye uhlobo.

Jonga ireyithingi yokumelana nobushushu

Ukuba uphakela ukutya okushushu (isuphu, ikofu, ipasta), ukumelana nobushushu akunakuxoxiswana ngako. Isitya okanye isitya esifanelekileyo esinokugqunywa kufuneka siphathe ubuncinci amaqondo obushushu angama-95°C (203°F) ukuze sisetyenziswe ixesha elifutshane — oko kushushu ngokwaneleyo kuninzi lokutya okushushu neziselo. Soloko ujonga umlinganiselo wokumelana nobushushu kwiphepha lemveliso okanye ileyibhile; ukuba ayidweliswanga, buza umthengisi.

Inyathelo Lokugqibela: Fundisa Iqela Lakho

Nantsi inyani ekungekho mntu ukuxelela yona ngeetafile ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo: I-30% yempumelelo yimveliso, i-70% yindlela oziphatha ngayo. Sibone iikhefi zithenga iitafile ezibiza kakhulu neziqinisekisiweyo ezinomgquba - emva koko zigcine ecaleni komatshini wokuhlamba izitya kwaye zibeke izinto ezinzima phezulu, nto leyo ekhokelela kumonakalo oqhubekayo. Sikwabone abantu abancinci besebenzisa iitafile ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kodwa beqeqesha iqela labo ukuba lizigcine kwaye liziphathe ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye abakaze babe neengxaki.

Uqeqesho akufuneki lube lude okanye lube nzima — kufuneka lucace nje. Fundisa iqela lakho izinto ezintathu ezilula:

Kutheni le nto izitya zetafile zinobuthathaka: Ukuba bayaqonda ukuba i-PLA iyajika ngenxa yobushushu kuba yenziwe ngestatshi sombona, baya kuba nethuba elikhulu lokuyigcina kude nesitovu kunokuba uthi nje "musa ukuyibeka apho".
Indlela yokubona izitya zetafile ezonakeleyo: Bafundise ukuba bajonge ukuthamba, ukugoba, ukunamathela, okanye ukufuma ngaphakathi kwiphakheji — ezi ziimpawu zokuba izitya zetafile zonakele, kungekuphela nje “ukungagqibeleli”.
Umthetho we-FIFO kwimizuzwana eli-10 uthi: "Isitokhwe esitsha siya emva kwesitokhwe esidala — isitokhwe esidala sisetyenziswa kuqala. Bhala umhla kwibhokisi."

Yenza umntu abe noxanduva lokugcina nokutshintshanisa izitya zetafile — isenokuba yibarista yakho, umpheki wakho wokulungiselela, okanye umphathi wakho. Uxanduva oluncinci lunceda kakhulu ekugcineni izitya zakho zicocekile.

Ukutshintshela kwiitafile ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo yenye yezona ndlela zibalaseleyo onokuzenzela iplanethi — kwaye akufuneki ukuba kube yinto ecaphukisayo. Imfihlo yokugcina iitafile zakho ezinomgquba zikwimo efanelekileyo ilula: ziphathe njengezinto eziphilayo, ezisekelwe kwizityalo. Zigcine zipholile, zomile, kwaye zingatyumzwanga; jikelezisa isitokhwe sakho rhoqo; kwaye ufundise iqela lakho indlela yokuzinyamekela.Izitya zeplastiki zenzelwe ukuba zingalibaleki — izitya zendalo zenzelwe ukuba zikhathalelwe. Kwaye xa uzinyamekela kakuhle, ziya kubanceda kakuhle iindwendwe zakho, zinciphise inkunkuma yakho, kwaye zenze ukhetho lwakho oluluhlaza lube lolonwabisayo, lungacaphukisi.

Ngaba ujonge izitya zetafile ezisemgangathweni ophezulu nezihlala ixesha elide ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ezihlala kwiikhitshi zokwenyani nakwiindawo zokupheka? Khangela ingqokelela yethu yezitya zetafile ze-PLA, i-bagasse, kunye ne-wheat straw eziqinisekisiweyo yi-BPI kunye ne-TÜV — zonke zivavanyiwe ukusetyenziswa imihla ngemihla, ukuze ungaphindi ujongane nezitya ezigobileyo okanye iipleyiti ezimanzi kwakhona.


Ngaba ufuna ukufezekisa inkunkuma engekhoyo kwishishini lakho leenkonzo zokutya? Iqela lethu leengcali ze-eco-group linikezela ngeenkonzo zokubonisana ukukunceda uphuhlise isisombululo esibanzi sokupakisha esinomxube, kuqukaizitya zokutya zasekhaya ezinomgqubaiindlela. Qhagamshelana nathi ukuze ulungelelanise ishishini lakho neendlela ezizinzileyo kwaye ufezekise iinjongo zakho zokungasebenzisi nkunkuma kunye. →Nxibelelana nathi