Iistraw kunye nobushushu obunokugqunywa: Isikhokelo esisebenzayo kwiiCafe kunye neeRestaurant

IUkuba uphakela iziselo, mhlawumbi ukhe weva isikhalazo esithi: “Ezi straw ze-compost ziyamanzi ngokukhawuleza.” Kodwa ingxaki ayifane ibe yi-straw ngokwayo. Amaxesha amaninzi, kukungafani phakathi kwezinto ze-straw kunye nobushushu besiselo. Izinto ezahlukeneyo ze-compost ziziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo xa zichatshazelwa bubushushu okanye kubanda. Ukuqonda loo mahluko kukunceda ukhethe i-straw efanelekileyo yento oyiphakelayo. Esi sikhokelo sichaza, ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zezinto kunye nedatha yovavanyo ekhoyo, ukuba ziqheleke kangakananiiistraw ezinomgqubaukusebenza kubushushu beziselo bokwenyani.

ISIQULATHO

• 1.Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi kwi-straw xa ubushushu butshintsha
• 2.Iistraw zePhepha – Zilungile kwiziselo ezibandayo ezikhawulezayo, hayi ezishushu
• 3.Iistraw zePLA – Zenzelwe Iziselo Ezibandayo
• 4.Iistraw zePHA – Ziyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu kwaye zithembekile kwiziselo ezishushu
• 5.Iingca zeBamboo kunye neFiber yeZityalo – Amandla Amanzi Aphezulu Avela Kwizinto Zendalo
• 6.Iimeko Zokugcina Izinto – Into Engajongwanga
• 7.Iziqinisekiso Eziqinisekisa Ukuhambelana Kokwenyani
• 8.Isikhokelo Sokukhetha Esisebenzayo

Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi kwi-straw xa ubushushu butshintsha

Iingca zeplastiki zemveli zilula. Azikhathali kangako ngobushushu okanye ukubanda.Kodwa iingca ezikwaziyo ukuchumisa zivela kwizityalo — umbona, umoba, uqalo, okanye imicu yephepha. Ezi zinto zendalo zenzelwe ukubola emva kokusetyenziswa. Oko kulungile kwiplanethi. Kodwa kuthetha ukuba ziyasabela kubushushu kunye nokufuma ngelixa usela.Xa ingca enokuchumisa idibana nobushushu, izinto ezintathu zinokwenzeka:

• Le nto ifunxa umswakama ngokukhawuleza
• Isakhiwo siba sithambile
• Umphezulu unokulahlekelwa bubuthambile okanye buqine

Iziselo ezibandayo ziyayicothisa le miphumo. Iziselo ezishushu ziyayikhawulezisa.Yiyo loo nto ingca enye ingafanelani nekomityi nganye.

Iistraw zePhepha – Zilungile kwiziselo ezibandayo ezikhawulezayo, hayi ezishushu

Iistraw zephephazenziwe nge-pulp yomthi ene-coating engangenisi manzi. Kwiziselo ezibandayo (0–7°C / 32–45°F), zihlala imizuzu eli-15–30 ngesantya esiqhelekileyo sokusela. Ngaphaya koko, icandelo elingaphantsi kwamanzi liqala ukuthamba njengoko amanzi engena kwimicu yephepha.Kwiziselo ezishushu (ezingaphezulu kwama-60°C / 140°F), ukuthamba kuyakhawuleza kakhulu. Ubushushu buyandisa ukufunxwa komswakama kwaye bunokunciphisa amandla okuncamathelisa asetyenziswa ekwakhiweni kwestraw. Nasiphi na isiselo esiphakelwa sishushu okanye kulindeleke ukuba sisetyenziswe kancinci, istraw zephepha azilulo ukhetho oluthembekileyo.

Iistraw zePLA – Zenzelwe Iziselo Ezibandayo

I-PLA(i-polylactic acid) yi-bioplastic eyenziwe nge-corn starch, ummoba, okanye eminye imithombo yezityalo. Iistraw ze-PLA zigudile, zimelana nokufuma, kwaye zivakala zifana neplastiki eqhelekileyo.Kwiziselo ezibandayo – ikofu ebandayo, iismoothies, ijusi, iti yebhamuza – iistraw zePLA zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Zihlala ziqinile lonke ixesha lokusela, nokuba zidibene nolwelo ixesha elide.Umda we-PLA esemgangathweni kukunyamezela kwayo ubushushu. Ubushushu bokutshintsha kweglasi – apho izinto ziqala ukuthamba – bumalunga nama-55–60°C (130–140°F). Ikofu okanye iti eshushu ebilisiwe idla ngokudlula ama-70°C (158°F), nto leyo ebangela ukuba istraw ye-PLA ilahlekelwe bubulukhuni kwimizuzu embalwa. Ezinye iintlobo ze-PLA zidityaniswe ne-PBAT okanye ezinye izinto eziguqulayo ukuze zinyuse ukunyamezelana ukuya kuma-70°C, kodwa ukusebenza kuyahluka ngokwabenzi.I-PLA ilungile kakhulu kwiziselo ezibandayo. Kwiziselo ezishushu, i-PLA eqhelekileyo ayikhuthazwa ngaphandle kokuba ilinganiswe ngokucacileyo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.

Iistraw zePHA – Ziyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu kwaye zithembekile kwiziselo ezishushu

I-PHA (i-polyhydroxyalkanoate) iveliswa ngokubiliswa kweebhaktiriya kweeoyile okanye iiswekile ezisekwe kwizityalo. Sisizukulwana esitsha se-biopolymer enokuchumisa eneempawu zobushushu ezahlukeneyo kakhulu kwi-PLA.Iistraw zePHA zibonelela ngokumelana nobushushu okuphezulu kakhulu. Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo, zigcina ulungelelwaniso lwesakhiwo kubushushu besiselo obungaphezulu kwama-70°C (158°F), kwaye ezinye iiklasi zinyamezela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100–120°C (212–248°F) xa zibonakala ixesha elifutshane. Ngokwendlela esebenzayo, iistraw zePHA zisebenza kakuhle kwikofu esandula ukwenziwa kunye neti eshushu ngaphandle kokuthamba kwangethuba.Ixabiso eliphantsi liphezulu kwaye alifumaneki lula xa kuthelekiswa nePLA. Kwimisebenzi efuna ingca enye enokuchumisa kwiziselo ezibandayo nezishushu, iPHA ifanelekile kakhulu.

Iingca zeBamboo kunye neFiber yeZityalo – Amandla Amanzi Aphezulu Avela Kwizinto Zendalo

Iingca zebhambokunye nezinyeiistraw zefayibha yezityaloZenziwa ngee-binders ezincinci okanye ezingenazo kwaphela. Uvavanyo loomatshini lubonisa ukuba ii-straw ezisekwe kwi-bamboo zifunxa ulwelo oluncinci kakhulu kunee-straw zephepha ezigqunywe nge-coated ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kolunye uvavanyo oluthelekisayo, ii-straw ze-bamboo zifunxe malunga nama-60% okufuma okungaphantsi kunephepha emva kweeyure ezimbini emanzini angama-80°C, ngelixa zigcina amandla aphezulu okumanzi.Ezi straws zisebenza kakuhle kumanqanaba obushushu ahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiismoothies ezibandayo ukuya kwiti eshushu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhambelana kuyahluka ngokwabenzi, kwaye uthotho lwezinto ezibonelelwayo aluvuthwanga kangako kunezo zephepha okanye ze-PLA. Abathengi kufuneka baqinisekise iinkcukacha zemveliso ngaphambi kokuba isetyenziswe ngokubanzi.

Iimeko Zokugcina Izinto – Into Engajongwanga

Iistraw ezinomgquba zenzelwe ukuba zibole emva kokulahlwa, kungekhona ngexesha lokugcina. Kodwa ukugcinwa okungafanelekanga kunokuphazamisa ukusebenza kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba istraw ichukumise isiselo.Iistraw ze-PLA zifuna indawo yokugcina elawulwa yimozulu enomswakama ongaphantsi kwama-50% ngexesha lokugcina impahla. Ubushushu obuphezulu okanye ukufuma okuhlala ixesha elide kunokubangela ukuba i-PLA ibe buthathaka okanye iqale ukonakala ngaphambi kwexesha.Iingca zephepha mazigcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo kude nomswakama ngqo.Iistraw ze-PHA kunye ne-bamboo zihlala zizinzile kodwa zisaxhamla kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo, nemnyama yokugcina.Ingcebiso esebenzayo: Gcina zonke iingca ezinomgquba kwindawo epholileyo neyomileyo, kude nezitya zokuhlamba izitya, ii-oveni, okanye ilanga elithe ngqo. Sebenzisa izinto ezindala kuqala.

Iziqinisekiso Eziqinisekisa Ukuhambelana Kokwenyani

Ayizizo zonke iimveliso ezibhalwe “i-compostable” ezihlangabezana nomgangatho obalulekileyo.ukuqinisekiswa komntu wesithathu, eli gama linobunzima obulinganiselweyo bomthetho.Phantsi kwe-FTC Green Guides, ukuthi imveliso “inokugqunywa” ngaphandle kokuchaza iimeko zokuqhekeka kwayo kunokulahlekisa. Amazwe aliqela, kuquka iWashington neMinnesota, ngoku afuna isiqinisekiso somntu wesithathu njengobungqina obusemthethweni bamabango okugqunywa.Kwimiququ enokuchumisa kwimarike yase-US, iziqinisekiso ezimbini zibaluleke kakhulu:

ÜV Austria OK Umgquba IKHAYA

Esi siqinisekiso siqinisekisa ukuba imveliso iyawohloka kwiimeko ze-compost ezikwi-backyard - ngaphandle kobushushu bemizi-mveliso okanye umoya olawulwayo. Ngumgangatho onzima ukuwufikelela, kuba ukubola kufuneka kwenzeke kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, aguquguqukayo aqhelekileyo kwiibhini ze-compost zasekhaya. Iimveliso ezinesi siqinisekiso zinokulahlwa kwiinkqubo ze-compost zasekhaya.

Ukuhambelana kwezorhwebo lwe-BPI

I-BPI (i-Biodegradable Products Institute) iqinisekisa iimveliso ezihlangabezana nemigangatho ye-ASTM D6400 yezakhiwo zomgquba zoshishino. Ezi zakhiwo zigcina amaqondo obushushu angama-58 ±2°C (malunga ne-136°F) kunye nokufuma okulawulwayo kunye nomoya. I-BPI iqinisekisile iimveliso ezingaphezu kwama-51,000 ezinokugqunywa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kwaye sesona siqinisekiso sokwazi ukugqunywa esivunyiweyo kakhulu eMntla Melika.Ezinye iimveliso zinesiqinisekiso esinye kuphela kwezi. Ezinye azinaso, nangona zisebenzisa amagama anje “okubolayo” okanye “okusekwe kwizityalo.” Inxalenye encinci – kuquka iistraw ezithile ezikhethekileyo – zibamba zombini iziqinisekiso ngaxeshanye. Isiqinisekiso esiphindwe kabini asiqhelekanga kudidi lweestraw ezinokuchumisa, kodwa sibonelela ngenzuzo esebenzayo: imveliso efanayo inokuchumisa nokuba kwibhini engasemva kwendlu okanye kwisakhiwo semizi-mveliso, kuxhomekeke kwiziseko zenkunkuma zasekuhlaleni.Xa kuvavanywa iistraw ezinomgquba ukuze zisetyenziswe kwezorhwebo, ukujonga ezi ziqinisekiso kunika ulwazi oluthembekileyo ngakumbi kunokufunda amabango ekupakishweni kuphela.

Isikhokelo Sokukhetha Esisebenzayo

Akukho ngcongolo inye enokugqunywa ekwaziyo ukusebenza kakuhle kulo lonke ubushushu besiselo. Indlela esebenzayo kukudibanisa le ngcongolo nemenyu yakho yokwenyani.

Iziselo ezibandayo kuphela (ii-smoothies, ikofu ebandayo, ijusi, iti yeebhamuza):Iistraw zePLA zibonelela ngebhalansi engcono kakhulu yokusebenza kunye neendleko.

Imenyu yobushushu obuxutyiweyo (iziselo ezibandayo nezishushu):Cinga ngee-PHA okanye ii-bamboo fiber straws. Ixabiso eliphezulu elingaphambili linokufaneleka ngokuthintela izikhalazo zabathengi.

Iziselo ezishushu kuphela (ikofu, iti eshushu):Sebenzisa i-PHA okanye istraw esekwe kwizityalo ekwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu. Iistraw zephepha azifanelekanga.

Iziselo ezibandayo zexesha elifutshaneIistraw zephepha zihlala zisebenza, kodwa azisosisombululo esiqhelekileyo.

Ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo kunye neziqinisekiso eziqinisekisiweyo ziqinisekisa ngakumbi ukuba iistraw zisebenza njengoko bekucwangcisiwe. Xa istraw enokugqunywa ingaphumeleli ngexesha lokulungiswa, ingxaki phantse ayikaze "iimveliso ezinokugqunywa azisebenzi." Phantse rhoqo kukungangqinelani kwezinto, ubushushu, okanye indawo yokugcina.