Iindaba-Ukutyhilwa kwesitatshi sombona kwiBioplastics: Iyintoni indima yayo?

Kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, iimveliso zeplastiki zikho yonke indawo. Nangona kunjalo, imiba eyandayo yokusingqongileyo ebangelwa yiplastiki yendabuko iye yabangela abantu ukuba bakhangele ezinye iindlela ezizinzileyo. Kulapho i-bioplastics ingena khona. Phakathi kwazo, isitashi sombona sidlala indima ebalulekileyo njengenxalenye eqhelekileyo kwi-bioplastics. Ke, yintoni kanye kanye indimacornstarch kwi bioplastics?

1.Ziziphi ii-Bioplastics?
I-Bioplastics yiplastiki eyenziwe ngezixhobo ezivuselelekayo ezifana nezityalo okanye i-microorganisms. Ngokungafaniyo neeplastiki zemveli, i-bioplastics yenziwe kwimithombo evuselelekayo, ngaloo ndlela ibangela impembelelo encinci yokusingqongileyo. Isitashi sombona, phakathi kwabo, siqhele ukusetyenziswa njengenye yezona zinto ziphambili kwi-bioplastics.

2.Indima yeSitatshi sombona kwiBioplastics

Isitatshi sombona sisebenza imisebenzi emithathu emikhulu:
I-Cornstarch idlala indima ekuphuculeni, ekuzinziseni nasekuphuculeni iipropathi zokucubungula kwi-bioplastics. Yipolymer enokuthi idibaniswe nezinye iipolymers ze-biodegradable okanye iiplastiki ukuze zenze izakhiwo ezizinzileyo. Ngokongeza izongezo ezifanelekileyo kwisitatshi sombona, ubunzima, ukuguquguquka kunye nesantya sokuthotywa kwe-bioplastics inokulungiswa, ibenze bafanelekele iimeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.
Ukuphucula amandla oomatshini: Ukufakwa kwesitatshi sombona kunokuphucula ukuqina kunye namandla okuqina kwe-bioplastics, kubenze baqine ngakumbi.

Ukuphucula iNkqubo yokuSebenza: Ubukho bestatshi sombona benza ukuba i-bioplastics isebenziseke ngakumbi ngexesha lokusetyenzwa, iququzelela ukuveliswa kweemveliso ezahlukeneyo ezimile.

Ukongeza, isitashi sombona sinezinto ezigqwesileyo zokubola. Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo zokusingqongileyo, ii-microorganisms zinokuqhekeza isitashi sombona zibe zikhompawundi ezilula ze-organic, ekugqibeleni zifezekise ukuthotywa ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuvumela i-bioplastics ukuba isetyenziswe ngokwemvelo emva kokusetyenziswa, ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lwendalo.

Nangona kunjalo, isitashi sombona sikwanika imingeni ethile. Ngokomzekelo, kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu okanye obunomswakama ophezulu, i-bioplastics ijwayele ukulahlekelwa uzinzo, echaphazela ubomi babo kunye nokusebenza. Ukujongana nalo mba, izazinzulu zisebenza ekufumaneni izongezo ezitsha okanye ukuphucula iinkqubo zemveliso ukunyusa ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokuxhathisa ukufuma kwe-bioplastics.

3.Izicelo zeCorn Starch kwi-Specific Bioplastics

Ukusetyenziswa kwesitashi sombona kwi-bioplastics ethile kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiipropati ezifunwayo kunye nokusetyenziswa okujoliswe kuko kwemveliso yokugqibela. Nantsi imizekelo embalwa:

I-Polylactic Acid (PLA): I-PLA yi-bioplastic eqhelekileyo ephuma kwi-corn starch. Isitatshi sombona sisebenza njenge-feedstock yokuveliswa kweasidi ye-lactic, ethi emva koko yenziwe i-polymerized ukwenza i-PLA. I-PLA eyomelezwe ngesitatshi sombona ibonakalisa iipropathi eziphuculweyo zoomatshini, njengamandla okuqina kunye nokumelana nefuthe. Ngaphezu koko, ukongezwa kwesitatshi sombona kunokomeleza ukubola kwe-PLA, kuyenze ilungele izicelo apho iinkxalabo zokusingqongileyo zibaluleke kakhulu, njenge.i-cutlery elahlayo, ukupakishwa kokutya, kunye neefilim zemulch yezolimo.

I-Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA): I-PHA yolunye uhlobo lwe-bioplastic enokuveliswa ngokusebenzisa isitashi sombona njengomthombo wekhabhoni. Isitashi sombona sivundisiwe ziintsholongwane ukuvelisa i-polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), eluhlobo lwe-PHA. I-PHAs zomelezwe ngestatshi sombona zikholisa ukuba nozinzo olungcono lwe-thermal kunye neempawu zomatshini. Ezi bioplastics zifumana izicelo kumacandelo ahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukupakishwa, izixhobo zonyango, kunye nezolimo.

I-Bioplastics esekelwe kwiSitatshi: Kwezinye iimeko, isitashi sombona sicutshungulwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-bioplastics ngaphandle kwesidingo samanyathelo ongezelelweyo e-polymerization. I-bioplastics esekwe kwisitatshi ihlala iqulathe umxube wesitatshi sombona, iiplasticizers, kunye nezongezo zokuphucula ukuqhubekeka kunye neempawu zokusetyenziswa kokuphela. Ezi bioplastics zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezifana neengxowa ezilahlwayo, izitya zokutya, kunye neetafile ezilahlwayo.

Ukudibanisa kunye nezinye iiPolymers ze-Biodegradable: Isitatshi sombona sinokudityaniswa kunye nezinye iipolymers ezinokubola, ezifana ne-polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), i-polycaprolactone (PCL), okanye i-polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT), ukudala i-bioplastics eneempawu ezilungiselelwe. Le mixube inika ulungelelwaniso lwamandla oomatshini, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokubola kwe-biodegradability, kubenza bafaneleke kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwipakethe ukuya kwezolimo.

4.Isiphelo

Indima yesitatshi sombona kwi-bioplastics idlula ngaphaya kokuphucula ukusebenza; ikwanceda ekunciphiseni ukuxhomekeka kwiiplastiki zemveli ezisekwe kwipetroleum, eqhuba uphuhliso lwezixhobo eco-friendly. Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, silindele ukubona iimveliso ezintsha ze-bioplastic ezisekwe kwimithombo ehlaziyekayo njengestatshi sombona.

Isishwankathelo, isitashi sombona sidlala indima emacala maninzi kwi-bioplastics, kungekuphela nje ukomeleza uzinzo lweplastiki kodwa nokukhuthaza ukubola kwazo, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji eqhubekayo kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha, i-bioplastics ikulungele ukudlala indima enkulu ekuziseni izibonelelo ezingaphezulu kokusingqongileyo koMhlaba.

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